4 de nov. 2011

Per un voluntariat independent, popular, actiu, sobri i arrelat al país




La crisi està provocant no poc patiment en moltes persones i, no cal dir-ho, en entitats socials i del tercer sector. Per tant, convé no banalitzar-la, ni banalitzar els seus efectes. Però això no treu que intentem fer de la necessitat virtut i que no aprofitem les circumstàncies per revisar coses que no s’han fet prou bé o per depurar determinats vicis adquirits. És en aquest darrer sentit que goso afirmar que el context que ens dibuixa la crisi pot ser una bona ocasió per repensar el voluntariat i el model de desenvolupament del voluntariat que hem anat practicant en els darrers anys. 

En aquesta mateixa línia també afirmo que una temporada de grans estretors per a l’administració, i sense subvencions, pot tenir efectes purificadors, no per a tot el tercer sector, però sí específicament per a determinats àmbits del món associatiu i particularment del voluntariat.

És en aquest context d’austeritat general que podem retrobar les virtuts que configuren –o que un xic idealment, hem volgut que configurés– un model català del voluntariat, caracteritzat entre d'altres, per aquests trets:

  1. Caràcter cívic i independent de les administracions públiques: cal oblidar aventures d’excés de tutela o de suplantació d’aquest caràcter civil i independent que algunes administracions han practicat, sovint sota el pretext del suport.
  2. Popular i plural: el voluntariat només pot ser un moviment massiu si assoleix aquesta dimensió popular –interclassista en diríem abans– i, necessàriament diversa i plural (socialment, cultural, religiosa, política), però allunyat de la beneficència aristocràtica de les meses petitòries, del pijo-progressisme banal, o d’allò que ara s’anomena els antisistema. El voluntariat és constructiu per naturalesa.
  3. Primacia de l’acció i el servei per sobre del discurs: el voluntariat ha de ser un moviment reflexiu i crític, però l’essència del seu "engagement" és l’acció i el servei específic en un àmbit determinat. El voluntariat va per feina, és un moviment d’esforç i treball compartit, amb metes clares i concretes i amb beneficiaris personals, socials o culturals també concrets. La relació i la col·laboració amb els moviments socials o amb altres àmbits del tercer sector no pot desdibuixar la identitat del voluntari que és l’acció altruista.
  4. Austeritat i sobrietat: la primacia de l’acció també implica una sobrietat en la seva estructuració i desplegament. Allò que importa és la missió i els mitjans hi estan al seu servei. Les organitzacions de voluntariat són organitzacions lleugeres i dinàmiques, austeres en els mitjans. Els recursos s’orienten clarament a les finalitats. D’altra banda, el voluntariat necessita reconeixement, però no la falsa adulació ni que el festegin interessadament. Prou que hem assistit a actes que, en aquesta línia, han vorejat el ridícul. 
  5. Arrelament al país: l’actitud voluntària neix d’un compromís amb la realitat que és manifesta en una pluralitat de causes i d’àmbits, sovint a l’entorn més immediat, però també en marcs més llunyans. Però, ni en el cas de la cooperació internacional, el voluntari no es pot confondre amb l’aventurer, o amb aquell que cerca l’exotisme que trenqui amb la seva rutina. El voluntariat no es desentén del seu país, ni de la seva realitat més propera, encara que la seva missió la desenvolupi en altres indrets. Una solidaritat extremadament selectiva o que es desentengui d’allò més proper és sospitosa.
Certament, no sé si aquest model de voluntariat ha existit mai com a tal i en plenitud, però de ben segur ha format part de l’imaginari col·lectiu de molts sobre el que volíem ser. Un imaginari potser desdibuixat en els darrers anys, però encara il·lusionant i, crec, més actual que mai.

Visita el reportatge sobre el II Congrés Europeu del Voluntariat

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